Internal Section

January 11-February 7

Beijing, CPC Central Committee convenes enlarged working conference attended by over 7,000 cadres of Central Committee, localities, important enterprises and responsible officers of People's Liberation Army, Liu Shaoqi delivers written report on behalf of Party Central Committee, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Deng Xiaoping and Zhu De make important speeches summing up initial experiences and lessons of 12 years since liberation, especially of four years since 1958, Mao Zedong's includes important discussion on democratic centralism and self-criticism, whole Party called upon to carry out principle of readjusting national economy.

February 13

CPC Central Committee issues Directive on Problem of Changing Basic Accounting Unit of People's Communes, this transfers basic accounting unit from production brigade to production team, downgrades public ownership.

March 2

Guangzhou, Zhou Enlai in report on question of intellectuals delivered at Conference on Work of Science and Drama Writing, clarifies Party's policy on intellectuals, criticizes leftist tendencies following 1957, emphasizes: overwhelming majority of Chinese intellectuals have become part of working class.

March 27-APril 16

Beijing, Third Session of Second National People's Congress. Zhou Enlai in Report on Work of Government proposes ten tasks for readjusting national economy.

September 24-27

Beijing, Tenth Plenary Session of Eighth CPC Central Committee: Mao Zedong further develops viewpoint put forward after 1957 anti-rightist struggle that principal contradiction in Chinese society is between proletariat and bourgeoisie, asserts that throughout China's socialist era bourgeoisie continues to exist, that there is danger of capitalist restoration, that this has become root of revisionism in Party, that awareness of class struggle should be stressed day by day, month by month and year by year.

November

CPC Central Committee decides to establish 15-member special commission with Zhou Enlai as head to exercise direct leadership over country's atomic energy industry.

December 31

With Zhou Enlai in charge, scientific and technological development program for 1963-72 is drawn up.

¡¡ Foreign Relations

April - May

Tens of thousands of citizens of Tacheng, Yumin and Huocheng Counties in Xinjiang are lured to cross over to Soviet Union. On May 25 a violent incident in Yili erupts.

June 3

Treaty of Commerce and Transportation between China's Tibet and India expires.

October 18

Diplomatic relations established with Uganda.

October 20

After Indian government rejects Chinese proposals for settlement of Sino-Indian boundary issues through consultation, Indian troops simultaneously launch large-scale attacks from eastern and western sectors of Sino-Indian border.

Chinese frontier troops are forced to retaliate in self-defense. Later on November ZI the Chinese government's statement declares that from midnight Chinese frontier troops will cease fire along the whole Sino-Indian front and as of December l, will withdraw 20 kilometers away from the actual control line existing between China and India on November 7, 1959. At the same time it appeals to Indian government for negotiations to settle the dispute.

December 26

Beijing. Sino-Mongolian Boundary Treaty signed.